Found: it is called Optional Binding:
Optional Binding
You use optional binding to find out whether an optional contains a value, and if so, to make that value available as a temporary constant or variable. Optional binding can be used with if and while statements to check for a value inside an optional, and to extract that value into a constant or variable, as part of a single action. if and while statements are described in more detail in Control Flow.
Write an optional binding for an if statement as follows:
if let constantName = someOptional {
statements
}
[from the Swift user guide]