1 - It's true that Java desktop apps are not that popular today. However, fashion is somewhat cyclical, and we can see a few trends. Firstly, macOS and desktop Linux market share are high enough these days that outside of games, not many companies are writing classical C++ native apps anymore (on the desktop). Instead they're mostly using cross-platform frameworks like Electron, web browsers or even Qt. So JavaFX isn't competing with a tightly written Win32 app in a world where 98%+ market share is owned by Windows, like it was in the 90s and early 2000s.