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<https://www.jetbrains.com/help/inspectopedia/InnerClassMayBeStatic.html>

> A `static` inner class does not keep an implicit reference to its enclosing instance. When using Java 17 or before, this prevents a common cause of memory leaks and uses less memory per instance of the class.
Did something change in Java 18+ to make ~static~ non-static inner classes less vulnerable?

You mean "to make *non-static* inner classes less vulnerable"?

AFAIK in Java 18 `javac` got smarter and only creates the reference to the enclosing instance when the outer instance is actually used from the inner class: <https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/18-relnote-issues.html#JDK-8271623>