besides

lateinit

, all properties of a class need to be initialized when the object is constructed, right?

By something, yes.

lateinit

and

by lazy {}

are ways to supply the initial value later. Technically

by lazy {}

initializes the property up front, but with a property delegate, where the effective value is determined later by evaluating the lambda.

thanks

Those are certainly the big ones. I cannot think of any other scenarios, but there are enough dusty corners of Kotlin syntax that there might be one that I'm forgetting. 😁

yea it's a little bit confusing for me

One thing is that people coming from Java might not consider a property having the value

null

as initialized but in Kotlin even a nullable property won't by default have the value of

null

. So initializing them with

null

would also count as initializing a property.

right thats a good point