What is the best way to create a copy of a Map in Kotlin without causing ConcurrentModificationException in a multi-threaded environment? I almost would like

map.toMap()

to happen atomically. I wanted to see whether something exists before creating my own synchronization blocks.

If targeting JVM, then you can use a ConcurrentHashMap.

there isn't a way to atomically read an arbitrary map. but certain specific maps such as ConcurrentHashMap and CopyOnWriteMap (not standard, but exists in several libraries) support iteration during concurrent modification